{"id":457,"date":"2026-03-02T11:30:17","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T17:30:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457"},"modified":"2026-03-02T13:27:50","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T19:27:50","slug":"history-anti-trans-violence","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457","title":{"rendered":"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='__iawmlf-post-loop-links' style='display:none;' data-iawmlf-post-links='[{&quot;id&quot;:16,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\\\/content\\\/en\\\/article\\\/magnus-hirschfeld-2&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260302193057\\\/https:\\\/\\\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\\\/content\\\/en\\\/article\\\/magnus-hirschfeld-2&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:49:53&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:49:53&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:17,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\\\/content\\\/en\\\/article\\\/book-burning&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260302195514\\\/https:\\\/\\\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\\\/content\\\/en\\\/article\\\/book-burning&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:51&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:51&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:18,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.oyez.org\\\/cases\\\/2002\\\/02-102&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260302195520\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.oyez.org\\\/cases\\\/2002\\\/02-102&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:52:01&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:52:01&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:19,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.cambridge.org\\\/core\\\/journals\\\/law-and-history-review\\\/article\\\/abs\\\/before-equal-protection-the-fall-of-crossdressing-bans-and-the-transgender-legal-movement-196386\\\/B3EDFE10CC12E8BF140359437C0F69BC&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20230531105601\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.cambridge.org\\\/core\\\/journals\\\/law-and-history-review\\\/article\\\/abs\\\/before-equal-protection-the-fall-of-crossdressing-bans-and-the-transgender-legal-movement-196386\\\/B3EDFE10CC12E8BF140359437C0F69BC&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.cambridge.org\\\/core\\\/journals\\\/law-and-history-review\\\/article\\\/before-equal-protection-the-fall-of-crossdressing-bans-and-the-transgender-legal-movement-196386\\\/B3EDFE10CC12E8BF140359437C0F69BC&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:58&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:58&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:20,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.nyclgbtsites.org\\\/site\\\/stonewall-inn-christopher-park&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260302201152\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.nyclgbtsites.org\\\/site\\\/stonewall-inn-christopher-park\\\/&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.nyclgbtsites.org\\\/site\\\/stonewall-inn-christopher-park\\\/&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:52:00&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:11&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:11&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:21,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.actuporalhistory.org\\\/interviews&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20201101014745\\\/http:\\\/\\\/www.actuporalhistory.org\\\/interviews\\\/&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:21&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:404},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:11&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:404}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:11&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:404},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:22,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/digitalcollections.nypl.org\\\/collections\\\/act-up-new-york-records&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260302201112\\\/https:\\\/\\\/digitalcollections.nypl.org\\\/collections\\\/act-up-new-york-records&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:50&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:11&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:11&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:23,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.lemkininstitute.com\\\/statements-new-page\\\/urgent-genocide-alert-for-the-transgender-community-in-the-united-states&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:49&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:404}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:49&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:404},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:24,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/apnews.com\\\/article\\\/3add180f5cfcde156f8d809d24e830a6&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/apnews.com\\\/article\\\/stonewall-transgender-trump-3add180f5cfcde156f8d809d24e830a6&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:47&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:52:04&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:52:04&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:25,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.npca.org\\\/articles\\\/6779-parks-group-responds-to-removal-of-transgender-contributions-at-stonewall&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:58&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:503}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:58&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:503},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:26,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.rainbowrailroad.org&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260302201209\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.rainbowrailroad.org\\\/&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:41&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-06 15:23:51&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-15 10:07:26&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-19 18:38:29&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-26 06:46:17&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-03 07:44:32&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12 08:01:36&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12 08:01:36&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:27,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/southernequality.org&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260301121444\\\/https:\\\/\\\/southernequality.org\\\/&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:40&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:59&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:12&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:12&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:28,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.genderliberationmovement.com&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:40&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:404}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:40&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:404},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:29,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/actupny.com&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260228131450\\\/https:\\\/\\\/actupny.com\\\/&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:39&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:08&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:13&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:13&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:14,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.actuporalhistory.org&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260213090214\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.actuporalhistory.org\\\/&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:49:39&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:11&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:11&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:30,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.lgbtmap.org\\\/equality-maps\\\/healthcare_laws_and_policies&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260224050738\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.lgbtmap.org\\\/equality-maps\\\/healthcare_laws_and_policies&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:37&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:09&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-07 07:56:57&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-14 17:11:42&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-20 19:14:32&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-26 06:46:02&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-26 06:46:02&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:31,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.kff.org\\\/other\\\/dashboard\\\/gender-affirming-care-policy-tracker&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20250815162350\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.kff.org\\\/other\\\/dashboard\\\/gender-affirming-care-policy-tracker\\\/&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:36&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:11&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-07 07:56:48&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-14 17:11:43&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-20 19:14:33&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-26 06:46:06&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-26 06:46:06&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:200},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;},{&quot;id&quot;:32,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.aclu.org\\\/legislative-attacks-on-lgbtq-rights-2024&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20260228154823\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.aclu.org\\\/legislative-attacks-on-lgbtq-rights-2024&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:50:33&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 19:51:14&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-05 22:42:02&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-11 21:57:16&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-17 20:00:01&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:503},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-21 02:52:14&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-25 15:46:22&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-01 21:54:17&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:503},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-08 01:53:40&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-18 11:32:55&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:503}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-18 11:32:55&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:503},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;}]'><\/div>\n<h2>History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> this page documents a historical line from early 20th-century persecution through modern policy attacks, so current harms are understood as part of a longer pattern.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Last updated:<\/strong> March 2, 2026, 19:23 UTC<\/p>\n<h2>Weimar Germany and Nazi targeting of sexology research<\/h2>\n<p>Magnus Hirschfeld founded Berlin&#8217;s Institute for Sexual Science, a major center for research and care on sex, gender, and sexuality. In 1933, Nazi-aligned groups attacked the institute and destroyed its archives and library in the broader Nazi campaign of book burning and suppression. <sup>[1][2]<\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>Criminalization in law: sodomy and gender-expression policing<\/h2>\n<p>In the U.S., criminal laws were used for decades to punish LGBTQ+ people and justify surveillance, arrest, and exclusion. The Supreme Court&#8217;s 2003 ruling in <em>Lawrence v. Texas<\/em> invalidated sodomy bans as unconstitutional, but legal and social harms persisted. <sup>[3]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Historic anti-cross-dressing laws and municipal policing regimes also targeted gender-nonconforming people in public spaces. <sup>[4]<\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>Stonewall and organized resistance<\/h2>\n<p>Police harassment of LGBTQ+ communities in bars and public life was routine before Stonewall. The 1969 uprising at Stonewall became a watershed moment in sustained resistance and organizing, with trans and gender-nonconforming people central to that history. <sup>[5]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>Documentation note:<\/strong> in 2025, the U.S. National Park Service removed the &#8220;T&#8221; and references to transgender people from Stonewall web materials; independent archives and advocacy documentation have treated this as a form of historical erasure. <sup>[9][10]<\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>ACT UP and AIDS-crisis activism<\/h2>\n<p>ACT UP (AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power), founded in 1987, organized direct action against government and pharmaceutical inaction during the AIDS crisis. Their tactics changed public debate, accelerated treatment pathways, and expanded pressure for equitable care and accountability. <sup>[6][7]<\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>Continuity into the present<\/h2>\n<p>Current anti-trans campaigns should be read in historical context: stigma, criminalization, and moral panic have repeatedly been used to justify state and social violence against trans and gender-expansive communities. <sup>[8]<\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<p><em>Non-government references are intentionally prioritized here because key federal pages have removed or altered trans historical context.<\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. <a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/magnus-hirschfeld-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Magnus Hirschfeld<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. <a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/book-burning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Book Burning<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Oyez. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oyez.org\/cases\/2002\/02-102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lawrence v. Texas (2003)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Law and History Review (Cambridge University Press). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/law-and-history-review\/article\/abs\/before-equal-protection-the-fall-of-crossdressing-bans-and-the-transgender-legal-movement-196386\/B3EDFE10CC12E8BF140359437C0F69BC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Before Equal Protection: The Fall of Cross-Dressing Bans and the Transgender Legal Movement, 1963-86<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nyclgbtsites.org\/site\/stonewall-inn-christopher-park\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stonewall Inn and Stonewall Uprising Site<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>ACT UP Oral History Project. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.actuporalhistory.org\/interviews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Interview Archive (video oral histories)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>New York Public Library Digital Collections. <a href=\"https:\/\/digitalcollections.nypl.org\/collections\/act-up-new-york-records\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ACT UP New York Records (archival photo\/video materials)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Lemkin Institute for Genocide Prevention. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemkininstitute.com\/statements-new-page\/urgent-genocide-alert-for-the-transgender-community-in-the-united-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Urgent Genocide Alert for the Transgender Community in the United States<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Associated Press. <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/3add180f5cfcde156f8d809d24e830a6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">US Park Service erases the word &#8216;transgender&#8217; from website commemorating Stonewall riot<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>National Parks Conservation Association. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npca.org\/articles\/6779-parks-group-responds-to-removal-of-transgender-contributions-at-stonewall\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parks Group Responds to Removal of Trans Contributions at Stonewall National Monument<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Groups Supporting Trans People in Danger<\/h2>\n<h3>Modern organizations<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Rainbow Railroad (Canada, global relocation support):<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rainbowrailroad.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rainbowrailroad.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Campaign for Southern Equality (U.S. South, legal and care navigation):<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/southernequality.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">southernequality.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Gender Liberation Movement (U.S. advocacy and mobilization):<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.genderliberationmovement.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">genderliberationmovement.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Historical and movement lineage<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>ACT UP (founded 1987):<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/actupny.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">actupny.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>ACT UP Oral History Project:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.actuporalhistory.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">actuporalhistory.org<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Bash Back!<\/strong> decentralized direct-action current; no single verified central service portal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Current U.S. Monitoring Resources<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>MAP Healthcare Laws and Policies map: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lgbtmap.org\/equality-maps\/healthcare_laws_and_policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lgbtmap.org\/equality-maps\/healthcare_laws_and_policies<\/a><\/li>\n<li>KFF Gender-Affirming Care Policy Tracker: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kff.org\/other\/dashboard\/gender-affirming-care-policy-tracker\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kff.org\/&#8230;\/gender-affirming-care-policy-tracker<\/a><\/li>\n<li>ACLU legislative attacks tracker: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/legislative-attacks-on-lgbtq-rights-2024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">aclu.org\/legislative-attacks-on-lgbtq-rights-2024<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma Purpose: this page documents a historical line from early 20th-century persecution through modern policy attacks, so current harms are understood as part of a longer pattern. Last updated: March 2, 2026, 19:23 UTC Weimar Germany and Nazi targeting of sexology research Magnus Hirschfeld founded Berlin&#8217;s Institute for Sexual Science, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-457","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma - STOP TRANS GENOCIDE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma - STOP TRANS GENOCIDE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma Purpose: this page documents a historical line from early 20th-century persecution through modern policy attacks, so current harms are understood as part of a longer pattern. Last updated: March 2, 2026, 19:23 UTC Weimar Germany and Nazi targeting of sexology research Magnus Hirschfeld founded Berlin&#8217;s Institute for Sexual Science, [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"STOP TRANS GENOCIDE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100092940583999&amp;mibextid=ZbWKwL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-02T19:27:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/STGbanner.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"675\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/?page_id=457\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/?page_id=457\",\"name\":\"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma - STOP TRANS GENOCIDE\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-02T17:30:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-02T19:27:50+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/?page_id=457#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/?page_id=457\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/?page_id=457#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/\",\"name\":\"STOP TRANS GENOCIDE\",\"description\":\"A grassroots collective working to uphold Trans joy\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"STG\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Stop Trans Genocide\",\"alternateName\":\"STG\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/05\\\/cropped-cropped-STGsm2.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/05\\\/cropped-cropped-STGsm2.jpeg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Stop Trans Genocide\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/stoptransgenocide.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/profile.php?id=100092940583999&mibextid=ZbWKwL\",\"https:\\\/\\\/instagram.com\\\/stoptransgenocide\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma - STOP TRANS GENOCIDE","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma - STOP TRANS GENOCIDE","og_description":"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma Purpose: this page documents a historical line from early 20th-century persecution through modern policy attacks, so current harms are understood as part of a longer pattern. Last updated: March 2, 2026, 19:23 UTC Weimar Germany and Nazi targeting of sexology research Magnus Hirschfeld founded Berlin&#8217;s Institute for Sexual Science, [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457","og_site_name":"STOP TRANS GENOCIDE","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100092940583999&mibextid=ZbWKwL","article_modified_time":"2026-03-02T19:27:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":675,"url":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/STGbanner.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457","url":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457","name":"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma - STOP TRANS GENOCIDE","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-03-02T17:30:17+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-02T19:27:50+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?page_id=457#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"History of Anti-Trans Violence and Stigma"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/","name":"STOP TRANS GENOCIDE","description":"A grassroots collective working to uphold Trans joy","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/#organization"},"alternateName":"STG","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/#organization","name":"Stop Trans Genocide","alternateName":"STG","url":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cropped-cropped-STGsm2.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/cropped-cropped-STGsm2.jpeg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Stop Trans Genocide"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100092940583999&mibextid=ZbWKwL","https:\/\/instagram.com\/stoptransgenocide"]}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/457","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=457"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/457\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":522,"href":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/457\/revisions\/522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stoptransgenocide.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=457"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}